Irregular early wear of tires is called abnormal tire wear, mainly in the following situations:
1. Tire grinding
Mainly refers to the one-axle, two-axle or three-axle tire of the semi-trailer, which wears faster than the other one-axle and two-axle of the same vehicle, and the tire surface wear is relatively average, which is usually the flat tire.
Reason analysis 1: The large error of front and rear bearing height between the main engine of the semi-trailer and the semi-trailer is caused. High front and low back will reduce the contact area between the front axle of the semi-trailer and the ground, and the adhesion between the semi-trailer and the ground will be small. During normal operation, the front axle will lock first, which will increase the number of friction between the tire and the ground, resulting in early wear.
Type of performance:
A. Flat grinding is performed on the first bridge of the third axle of the semi-trailer; B. Flat grinding is performed on the first and second bridges of the third semi-trailer axle; C. Flat grinding is performed on the third axle of the third axle of the semi-trailer.
Treatment method: First check the braking condition of the semi-trailer when it is not loaded. If the front is high and the back is low, the first bridge will report death first, and the second bridge will follow the report of death; then check the main engine of the semi-trailer and the front and rear of the semi-trailer. If the error is too high, it will cause the first and second bridges to report death. In this case, if the front and rear bearing height exceeds 120mm, the first and second bridges should be equipped with leaf spring pads, or the saddle height should be lowered. If one bridge is flat-ground, properly install a leaf spring pad on the first bridge; if the third bridge is flat-ground, properly add a leaf spring pad on the third bridge.
Reason analysis 2: When the semi-trailer train is under heavy load, the axle of the semi-trailer is not uniformly stressed. When the semi-trailer is running under heavy load, when any axle is overstressed, the tires will heat up and cause early tire wear.
Treatment method: First, check the tire force condition of the semi-trailer train when it is under heavy load, and install leaf spring pads of different thicknesses according to the tire force degree.
2. Tire eccentric wear
Mainly refers to the tread on one side of the tire, the tread appears trapezoidal and the local wear is too fast, which is usually eccentric wear.
Analysis of the reasons: A. There is a large difference in the air pressure of the parallel twin tires; B. The tires and rims do not match the specifications; C. The axles are not parallel; Insufficient or long-term overload driving, the contact surface between the tire and the ground is large, so that both sides of the tire are in contact with the ground to participate in the work and form early wear.
Treatment method: Vehicle deflection is mainly caused by the above conditions, and according to the degree of tire eccentric wear, gradually check the relevant dimensions and some parts.
3. Fixed point wear
The manifestation is alopecia areata in a certain part of the tread.
Cause Analysis A: The brake drum is out of round. The out-of-roundness of the brake drum makes the brake drum and the brake shoe always contact at a certain point first when the semi-trailer is braking, and lock up first at this position, causing fixed-point wear on a certain part of the tire tread.
The reason for the out-of-roundness of the brake drum: a. The reason of the brake drum manufacturing itself. b. The tightening sequence of wheel bolts is incorrect.
Cause Analysis B: The wheel dynamic imbalance exceeds the standard. Due to the uneven wall thickness of the brake drum and the unbalance of the rim and spoke exceeding the standard, the dynamic balance of the wheel system is not good enough. During high-speed driving, the tire will periodically jump, resulting in fixed-point wear on a certain part of the tire table.
The reasons for the excessive dynamic imbalance of the wheels are: a. The wall thickness of the brake drum is uneven. b. The wheel rim is out of round or deformed, causing the static unbalance to exceed the standard, causing the semi-trailer wheel to periodically jump during the rotation process. c. The axle load distribution of the trailer is unreasonable. One of the reasons for the unreasonable distribution of the trailer axle load is that the front and rear height difference is too large after the main trailer is matched.
4. Deformity wear
The manifestations are that the tire tread is wavy, feather-like, flake-like, chamfered, and saw-toothed.
Cause analysis: A. The hanging parts are worn or the assembly is loose. B. The wheelbase deviation of the trailer is too large. When the wheelbase deviation of the trailer is too large, the trailer will generate a lateral force on the tires during the driving process, causing the tires to slide laterally when they travel forward, thus causing deformed wear of the tires. C, rim spoke deformation. D. The shaft head nut is loose. E. The trailer axle is bent. F. The welding assembly of the suspension system is poor. When the coaxiality of the pin hole of the bracket balance arm of the semi-trailer exceeds the verticality of the central axis of the trailer, the trailer will move laterally during driving, resulting in deformed tire wear. G. Axle lacks oil, corrodes, and the brake device does not reset, causing the tire in this tire position to be dragged and driving, and the sliding friction resistance is greatly increased, causing the tread to wear rapidly.
Adjustment method: 1. Park the car on a flat road without brakes; 2. Remove the tires and dust caps; Take one point each); 4. Measure the distance between the above two points based on the center of the traction pin. It is required that the difference between the two values L1 and L2 is not more than 1.5mm. If it exceeds the difference, adjust the front axle live tie rod until it meets the requirements; The corresponding points of the front and rear axle hubs, the measured values of B1 and B2 are not greater than 2mm. If they are out of tolerance, adjust the live tie rods on the rear axle to make them parallel until they meet the requirements; 6. Tighten the front and rear movable tie rods. Fastening bolts; 7. After adjustment, drive for about one kilometer without braking and stop in place, and review the above dimensions. If there are any changes that do not meet the requirements, adjust and try again according to the above methods, and install tires, dust caps, etc. after no changes.
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