Rubber crawler is a ring-shaped tape composed of rubber and metal or fiber material. It has the characteristics of low ground pressure, large traction, low vibration, low noise, good passability in wet fields, no damage to the road surface, fast running speed, and low quality. Partially replace tires and steel tracks for the walking part of agricultural machinery, construction machinery and transport vehicles.
The rubber crawler expands the application range of crawler and wheeled mobile machinery, and overcomes the constraints of various unfavorable terrains on mechanical operations. Bridgestone Corporation of Japan was the first to successfully develop rubber tracks in 1968. The development of rubber crawler tracks in my country began in the late 1980s, and now mass production has been formed, with more than 20 manufacturers. In the 1990s, Zhejiang Linhai Jinlilong Footwear Co., Ltd. developed a jointless production process for steel cords for endless rubber crawler tracks and applied for a patent, which laid the foundation for my country’s rubber crawler industry to comprehensively improve product quality, reduce costs, and expand production capacity. The quality of my country's rubber track is very small compared with foreign products, and it also has a certain price advantage. This paper introduces the varieties, basic performance requirements, product design and production process of rubber crawler.
Variety and basic performance requirements
According to the driving mode, the rubber track can be divided into gear type, wheel hole type and rubber gear drive (coreless gold) type according to the driving mode. The gear-toothed rubber track has a drive hole, and the transmission teeth on the drive wheel are inserted into the drive hole to make the track move. The wheel-hole rubber track is provided with metal transmission teeth, which are inserted into the holes on the pulley to engage and drive. The rubber-tooth-driven rubber track adopts rubber protrusions instead of metal transmission parts, and the inner surface of the track is in contact with the surface of the driving wheel for frictional transmission.
According to the purpose, the rubber track can be divided into agricultural machinery rubber track, construction machinery rubber track, transportation vehicle rubber track, snow ploughing vehicle rubber track and military vehicle rubber track, etc.
Basic performance requirements The basic performance requirements of rubber tracks are traction, non-removal, shock resistance and durability. The traction properties of rubber tracks are related to their tensile strength, shear strength, width, lateral stiffness, pitch and block height, and are also affected by road surface conditions and loads. With straight and side elongated spacing patterns
The traction performance of the rubber track is better. Retainability is primarily a function of drive runner diameter, runner configuration and track guide length. The pull-off mostly occurs between the driving pulley or the tensioner and the runner, and the torsional stiffness, lateral rigidity, longitudinal flexibility, pitch and flange height of the rubber track also have an important influence on the pull-off performance. Eliminating the vibration source is an effective method to reduce vibration and noise. The vibration of rubber track is related to pitch, runner configuration, center of gravity position, rubber properties and block configuration. Durability is the ability of a rubber track to resist abrasion, cuts, punctures, cracks and chips.
At present, the rubber track is still a wearing part, and the lifespan of foreign advanced products is only about 10,000 km. In addition to the quality of the transmission and traction parts, the performance of the rubber is an important factor affecting the durability of the rubber track. The rubber compound should not only have good physical properties, dynamic properties and weathering resistance, but also have excellent adhesive properties. For some special-purpose products, the rubber compound should also have salt and alkali resistance, oil resistance, cold resistance, fire resistance, etc. Function.
Product Design Rubber track is usually composed of core metal, tenacity layer, buffer layer and rubber parts. At present, most rubber crawler manufacturers adopt the method of physical mapping and anatomical analysis to design crawler products. The theoretical mechanics, material mechanics and finite element analysis and application of rubber crawler are still in their infancy.
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